一次性玉米淀粉餐具中的聚合物及淀粉基塑料

一次性玉米淀粉餐具所用的玉米淀粉是一种天然的可生物降解聚合物，在微生物的作用下先分解为葡萄糖，然后再分解为水和二氧化碳。聚合物分两步降解：

The corn starch used in disposable corn starch tableware is a natural biodegradable polymer, which is first decomposed into glucose under the action of microorganisms, and then decomposed into water and carbon dioxide. The polymer is degraded in two steps:

1、在被细菌和其他微生物侵入后，淀粉慢慢失去其原始形态，并在聚合物中形成多孔结构，从而逐渐增加其表面积。

1. After being invaded by bacteria and other microorganisms, starch gradually loses its original form and forms porous structure in the polymer, thus gradually increasing its surface area.

2、聚合物通过自氧化反应生成过氧化物，将分子链断裂为低分子量片段，并达到可被微生物代谢的阶段。

2. The polymer generates peroxide through autoxidation reaction, breaks the molecular chain into low molecular weight segments, and reaches the stage where it can be metabolized by microorganisms.

一次性玉米淀粉餐具中的淀粉基塑料分为三类∶淀粉共混、全淀粉以及可淀粉填充。

Starch based plastics in disposable corn starch tableware can be divided into three categories: starch blending, whole starch and starch filling.

1、淀粉填充塑料：淀粉填充塑料是指填充淀粉的特种塑料（如PE）。以淀粉填充塑料PE为例，其生产工艺是将淀粉干燥含水率小于1%，然后加入增容剂、氧化剂等

1. Starch filled plastics: starch filled plastics refer to special plastics (such as PE) filled with starch. Take starch filled plastic PE as an example, its production process is to dry the starch until the moisture content is less than 1%, and then add compatibilizer, oxidant, etc

共混淀粉与PE共混，然后按原方法加工成膜。其主要特点是淀粉的添加量相对较低且小于30%，且降解速度较慢，因此不会降解，可能会造成二次污染，因此应谨慎使用。

Blended starch is blended with PE, and then processed into film according to the original method. Its main feature is that the addition amount of starch is relatively low and less than 30%, and the degradation speed is slow, so it will not be degraded, which may cause secondary pollution, so it should be used with caution.

2、淀粉共混塑料：淀粉共混塑料主要由树脂和凝胶淀粉组成。有三种方法可以提高淀粉和树脂之间的相容性：

2. Starch blend plastic: starch blend plastic is mainly composed of resin and gel starch. There are three ways to improve the compatibility between starch and resin:

（1）淀粉改性，如淀粉接枝改性、表面偶联处理等。

(1) Starch modification, such as starch grafting modification, surface coupling treatment, etc.

（2）聚乙烯改性，如马来酸酐接枝；

(2) Polyethylene modification, such as maleic anhydride grafting;

（3）添加增容剂，如EVA、淀粉接枝PMMA、淀粉接枝PS、淀粉接枝MAH、淀粉接枝SBS等。

(3) Add compatibilizers, such as EVA, starch grafted PMMA, starch grafted PS, starch grafted MAH, starch grafted SBS, etc.

（3）全淀粉塑料：全淀粉塑料是指在一定量的增塑剂作用下，淀粉现有分子结构被破坏而形成的物质。这种淀粉塑料经分解后，可作为农业有机肥使用，对环境无不良影响。

(3) All starch plastic: All starch plastic refers to the material formed by destroying the existing molecular structure of starch under the action of a certain amount of plasticizer. After decomposition, the starch plastic can be used as agricultural organic fertilizer without adverse effects on the environment.

就环境污染程度而言，一次性玉米淀粉餐具是一种很有前途的产品，可降解淀粉基材料制成的餐具有着机械强度强、柔韧性好、耐冲击、耐温、耐油、不软化、不变形、可塑性好等特点。您有需求可以随时来我们网站https://www.qiluxinke.com进行咨询！

In terms of environmental pollution, disposable corn starch tableware is a promising product. Tableware made of degradable starch based materials has the characteristics of strong mechanical strength, good flexibility, impact resistance, temperature resistance, oil resistance, non softening, non deformation, good plasticity, etc. You can come to our website anytime you need https://www.qiluxinke.com Consult!