PLA材料在可降解材料使用中发挥什么作用？

可降解材料包括生物降解材料和光降解材料等，由微生物合成的生物降解塑料，简称生物塑料，包括生物聚酯、生物纤维素、多糖类和聚氨基酸等，是一类能完全被自然界中的微生物降解的塑料。

Biodegradable materials include biodegradable materials and photodegradable materials. Biodegradable plastics synthesized by microorganisms, referred to as bioplastics for short, include biopolyesters, biocellulose, polysaccharides and polyamines. They are a kind of plastics that can be completely degraded by microorganisms in nature.

可降解材料是指在自然环境下，可通过阳光降解，生物降解，自然降解的材料。可降解材料对环境不会造成危害，降解产生的物质也会被环境吸收。

Degradable materials refer to materials that can be degraded by sunlight, biodegradation and natural degradation in the natural environment. Degradable materials will not cause harm to the environment, and the substances produced by degradation will also be absorbed by the environment.

当前市场上常用的可降解材料是PLA、BPAT和PHA，产业链详述以这三种材料为例。

At present, the commonly used degradable materials in the market are PLA, bpat and PHA. The industrial chain details these three materials as examples.

可降解材料产业链上游：为原材料。其中PLA原材料是淀粉、葡萄糖和丙交酯，PBAT原材料是AA、PTA和BDO，PHA的原材料为淀粉、葡萄糖和脂肪酸。

Upstream of degradable materials industry chain: raw materials. Among them, PLA raw materials are starch, glucose and lactide, PBAT raw materials are AA, PTA and BDO, and PHA raw materials are starch, glucose and fatty acids.

可降解材料产业链中游为：可降解材料制成品。如餐具、化纤、膜袋、农用地膜、医疗器械和移植物。

The middle reaches of the degradable materials industry chain are: finished products of degradable materials. Such as tableware, chemical fiber, membrane bags, agricultural mulch, medical devices and grafts.

PLA材料是有植物淀粉中提取的材料，具有可塑性的可降解材料，PLA聚乳酸特点：

PLA material is a plastic degradable material extracted from plant starch. PLA polylactic acid has the following characteristics:

1、自然环境下可通过生物降解，不会对环境造成危害。

1. In the natural environment, it can be biodegradable and will not cause harm to the environment.

2、材料稳定性好，可采用多种工艺加工。

2. The material has good stability and can be processed by a variety of processes.

3、生物相容性、光泽度、透明性、手感和耐热性好。

3. Good biocompatibility, gloss, transparency, hand feel and heat resistance.

可降解颗粒生产厂家认为，PLA是一种新型的生物降解材料，使用可再生的植物资源（如玉米）所提出的淀粉原料制成。淀粉原料经由糖化得到葡萄糖，再由葡萄糖及一定的菌种发酵制成高纯度的乳酸，再通过化学合成方法合成一定分子量的聚乳酸。

Manufacturers of degradable particles believe that PLA is a new type of biodegradable material, which is made from starch raw materials proposed by renewable plant resources (such as corn). Glucose is obtained from starch raw materials through saccharification, and then high-purity lactic acid is produced by fermentation of glucose and certain bacteria, and then polylactic acid with certain molecular weight is synthesized by chemical synthesis.

其具有良好的生物可降解性，使用后能被自然界中微生物完全降解，生成二氧化碳和水，不污染环境，这对保护环境非常有利，是公认的环境友好材料。

It has good biodegradability. After use, it can be completely degraded by microorganisms in nature to generate carbon dioxide and water. It does not pollute the environment, which is very beneficial to environmental protection. It is recognized as an environmentally friendly material.

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