玉米淀粉颗粒特性属性是怎样的？

随直链淀粉增加，玉米淀粉颗粒平均粒径和结晶度逐渐减小，偏光十字明显程度也会随之减弱。按偏光十字明显程度和结晶度都满足，依次为：蜡质玉米淀粉＞普通玉米淀粉＞高直链玉米淀粉。

With the increase of amylose, the average particle size and crystallinity of corn starch particles gradually decreased, and the degree of polarization cross also decreased. According to the degree of polarization cross and crystallinity, the order is: waxy corn starch > ordinary corn starch > high amylose corn starch.

使用扫描电子显微镜观察结果显示，蜡质玉米淀粉多呈不规则多角形；而普通玉米淀粉和蜡质玉米淀粉相似，大多数呈不规则多角形，少部分为球形。且高直链玉米淀粉颗粒直径比蜡质玉米淀粉和普通玉米淀粉都小。

The results of scanning electron microscope showed that waxy corn starch was mostly irregular polygon; However, common corn starch is similar to waxy corn starch, most of which are irregular polygonal and a few are spherical. The particle diameter of high amylose corn starch was smaller than that of waxy corn starch and common corn starch.

利用光学显微镜观察三种不同直链淀粉含量玉米淀粉结构发现，以颗粒大小和均匀程度而言，26%普通玉米淀粉＞50%高直链玉米淀粉＞70%高直链玉米淀粉。且26%普通玉米淀粉颗粒形貌近似圆形，而50%和70%高直链玉米淀粉颗粒形貌都近似椭圆形。通过扫描电子显微镜（SEM）观察，也证实高直链玉米淀粉大多数为椭圆形，少数为不规则形状。高卫帅等对高直链玉米淀粉、蜡质玉米淀粉和普通玉米淀粉进行粒度分布实验。

The structure of three kinds of corn starch with different amylose content was observed by optical microscope. It was found that in terms of particle size and uniformity, 26% ordinary corn starch > 50% high amylose corn starch > 70% high amylose corn starch. The morphology of 26% common corn starch particles was approximately circular, while the morphology of 50% and 70% high amylose corn starch particles were approximately oval. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) observation also confirmed that most of the high amylose corn starch was oval, and a few were irregular. Gao Weishuai and others conducted particle size distribution experiments on high amylose corn starch, waxy corn starch and ordinary corn starch.

通过分析粒度分布图表明，普通玉米淀粉和蜡质玉米淀粉粒度分布情况（包括：径距、比表面积、表面积平均粒径、体积平均粒度等）基本相同，粒径值与更小值差距较小；而高直链玉米淀粉上述参数比另外两种玉米淀粉大，且粒径值与更小值差距也较大，粒径分布相对较均匀。

The analysis of particle size distribution diagram shows that the particle size distribution of ordinary corn starch and waxy corn starch (including: diameter distance, specific surface area, average particle size of surface area, average particle size of volume, etc.) are basically the same, and the difference between particle size value and smaller value is small; The above parameters of high amylose corn starch are larger than the other two kinds of corn starch, and the difference between the particle size and the smaller value is also large, and the particle size distribution is relatively uniform.

无定型区和结晶区通过环状交替形成淀粉颗粒。其主要构成是由直链淀粉和支链淀粉组成，结晶区主要有支链淀粉组成，也含有少量直链淀粉（直链淀粉含量仪）；大部分直链淀粉形成无定形区。

The amorphous region and crystalline region form starch granules alternately through rings. Its main composition is composed of amylose and amylopectin. The crystalline area is mainly composed of amylopectin, and also contains a small amount of amylose (amylose content meter); Most amylose forms amorphous regions.

结晶区和无定形区折射率和密度不同，从而在偏光显微镜下观察淀粉颗粒时会产生偏光十字。不同种类玉米淀粉偏光十字位置、性状及明显程度都有差异，偏光十字明显程度受淀粉颗粒大小和结晶程度影响。直链淀粉含量影响淀粉结晶程度，直链淀粉含量越高，结晶度越低。

The refractive index and density of crystalline region and amorphous region are different, so there will be polarized cross when observing starch particles under polarizing microscope. There are differences in the position, character and degree of polarization cross of different kinds of corn starch. The degree of polarization cross is affected by the size of starch particles and the degree of crystallization. Amylose content affects the degree of starch crystallization. The higher the amylose content, the lower the degree of crystallization.

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